Plants and algae, meanwhile, use chloroplasts, which perform photosynthesis to generate energy from sunlight to power their cells. In a new study led by the University of Tokyo, the team inserted ...

Neural tissue normally dies quickly without oxygen. Yet bird retinas—among the most energy-demanding tissues in the animal ...

Tissue optical clearing is a fundamental technique that enhances light penetration deep into biological samples by reducing light scattering through refractive index homogenization. This process ...

The discovery fundamentally changes the understanding of a structure in the avian eye that has been misinterpreted for centuries.