Instead of applying a universal template to all climate-related disasters—in which we issue funding to support reconstruction, restoration and relocation—we must collaborate with those impacted to ...

Bottom-up marketing is a concept with no single definition, but a few distinct components that set it apart from traditional top-down marketing strategies. Unlike traditional marketing, where ...

The bottom-up approach is a strategy for processing information, which alongside the top-down approach, is used in a number of research fields. Credit: Katryna Kon/Shutterstock.com By piecing together ...

Many of today’s most successful software companies, from Atlassian and Datadog to Zoom, subscribe to the bottom-up SaaS go-to-market model. In this model, the user purchases software directly from a ...

At the heart of bottom-up nanotechnology lies a process driven by thermodynamics and kinetics, rather than the deterministic approaches characteristic of top-down methods. This fundamental difference ...

The human brain is a product of evolution. Many psychotherapies and medications focus on adjusting the activity of brain networks that evolved long ago and helped early Homo sapiens survive and ...

Nanofabrication is a way of making devices, systems, and components on a nanoscale. There are two main types of nanofabrication, top-down and bottom-up nanofabrication. Top-down nanofabrication ...

Read the marketing material for any fund and you'll often find the manager saying that they take either a "top-down" or a "bottom-up" approach. Sometimes they claim to do both: "the fund combines a ...