Fractional calculus extends the classical concepts of differentiation and integration to non-integer orders, providing a sophisticated framework for modelling memory and hereditary effects in complex ...
A survey of contemporary topics in mathematics such as: voting systems and power, apportionment, fair division of divisible and indivisible assets, efficient distribution, scheduling and routing, ...
Engineering Mathematics: Even though engineering is more varied than ever in 2026, some mathematical principles are still applicable. Calculus (including Differential Equations) and Linear Algebra are ...