The cardiac ganglion (CG) is a central pattern generator, a neural network that, when activated, produces patterned motor outputs such as breathing and walking. The CG induces the heart contractions ...

A central pattern generator (CPG) is a neuronal network in which interconnected excitatory and inhibitory neurons produce an oscillating, rhythmic output in the absence of sensory feedback. CPGs play ...

The brain shows complex dynamics, due to its time-varying sensory inputs as well as its intrinsic processes at every level from ion channels to behavior. Although neural processing can be studied ...