Bitcoin, created by an anonymous entity known as Satoshi Nakamoto, utilizes a blockchain, a distributed and immutable ledger that records all transactions in a linear fashion. Each block in the chain ...

This is a preview. Log in through your library . Abstract Directed acyclic graphs are widely used to describe directional pairwise relations. Such relations are estimated by reconstructing a directed ...

Recent clinical trials in oncology have used increasingly complex methodologies, such as causal inference methods for intercurrent events, external control, and covariate adjustment, posing challenges ...