The original Medical Research Council (MRC) dyspnoea scale was developed by the British MRC in the 1950s, and it was first formally published in 1961 in a study on chronic bronchitis.1 It was designed ...

Dyspnea, or shortness of breath, that occurs during exertion has several possible causes. The sensation is not typically a cause for concern, but a person should seek medical help in certain cases.

Introduction Dyspnoea is an existentially burdensome symptom in patients with advanced and progressive diseases such as cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and advanced heart failure.

Individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) experience improved breathing symptoms and dyspnea with use of automated oxygen administration. Automated oxygen administration (AOA) was ...