Although rain is the most important agent in airborne biological particle deposition most of the current sampling traps retain palynomorphs (fern spore, fungal spore, pollen, among others) but are ...

Deer-resistant and shade-loving, ferns add a whimsical allure to any garden. As one of the oldest plant groups on Earth, these hardy greens can survive just about anything—as long as their environment ...

American Journal of Botany, Vol. 69, No. 7 (Aug., 1982), pp. 1148-1155 (8 pages) The spores of four species of the Paleozoic filicalean fern Botryopteris are examined at the ultrastructural level.

“Ferns are ancient, 400 million years old or so,” said ecologist Lisa Lofland Gould, secretary of the North Carolina Native Plant Society Board and member of the Piedmont Land Conservancy. “They ...

It’s a fern, of course. This one is quite common in the Southeast, stretching north into the Ohio River Valley and New England and west to eastern Texas. Southern grape-fern, Sceptridium biternatum, ...

Look at the underside of a fern leaf. Those rows of orange clusters aren’t tiny insects; they’re spores waiting to be catapulted away. Once a spore lands, it grows into a tiny plant, from which fern ...

This colorscape of tubes and grooves is a cross section through the reproductive region of a fern. Ferns use spores to reproduce and spread, and here we can see these spores (blue/purple) encased in ...

There is something otherworldly about ferns. Their fronds suggest feathers and wings, and so when looking at them you may think of taking flight, most likely into the pre-historic past when they ...