Digital or vector modulation can provide increased spectral efficiency, higher data security, and higher quality communications. This comes at a cost of increased system complexity and a resultant ...

Last month, we clarified the definition of a vector and showed you how vectors are added, subtracted, multiplied, and divided. This month, we'll see how to use vectors in defining a complex circuit ...

THE vector analysis of Gibbs and Heaviside and the more general tensor analysis of Ricci are now recognized as standard tools in mechanics, hydro-dynamics and electrodynamics. Their use not only ...