Background and aims: The improvement of practical approach to cerebral hemodynamic disturbances in neonates starting from fetal period is important for prevent of hypoxic encephalopathy. Methods: ...

Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), one of the more common cardiac defects present at birth, is the persistence of an opening between the pulmonary artery and aorta. This opening is as a result of failure ...

Although the problem of whether fetuses are able to feel pain or not is still controversial, researchers in Spain have found that from the second trimester of pregnancy, the future baby already shows ...