In prior Java 101 articles, I referred to the concepts of redirection, standard input device, and standard output device. To demonstrate inputting data, several examples called System.in.read().

A negative-input buck-boost converter IC operating in continuous conduction mode produces a positive output voltage using an external power MOSFET and PNP transistor.

Converting a single-ended signal to differential with an active circuit: a Class A/B output that operates from a single positive supply.