In this paper, I present the case of the discovery of complex numbers by Girolamo Cardano. Cardano acquires the concepts of (specific) complex numbers, complex addition, and complex multiplication.

A complex number comprises a real number plus an imaginary number, which is a multiple of the square root of -1. While the mathematics of complex numbers underlies modern quantum theory, it is also ...

Kinetic theory and mathematical modeling have emerged as indispensable tools for elucidating the collective behaviour of complex systems.