There are a range of integrated circuits that most of us would regard as definitive examples of their type, devices which became the go-to for a particular function and which have entered our ...

Discrete small-signal MOSFETs still find uses today, and this Design Idea presents two simple examples: an AND gate, and an amplitude modulator. Figure 1 shows a standard two-input AND gate along with ...

This Design Idea is an evolution and simplification of another (Figure 1, Reference 1). Replacing the three inverted-input NOR gates with their logical equivalents, positive-input NAND gates, makes ...

This CMOS two-input combination NAND/NOR gate is a three-input, fourpin logic gate. A p-channel enhancementtype MOSFET (Q1) and an n-channel enhancement-type MOSFET (Q4) form ...

Since the OR gate only needs to output '0' when both of the two inputs are '0', it is OK if the value inverted by the NAND gate is output to the AND gate and then inverted.