Abstract: In this paper, we propose three modular multiplication algorithms that use only the IEEE 754 binary floating-point operations. Several previous studies have used floating-point operations to ...
Any base to the power of zero equals 1 and any base to the power of one is the base itself. Look at these guides on the laws of indices and powers to support your confidence in this topic. Laws of ...
Abstract: Montgomery modular multiplication (MMM) in residue number systems (RNS) uses a base extension (BE) technique. This is to avoid division, which is hard, slow and costly in RNS. It is somewhat ...