Synthetic DNA has emerged as an extraordinary medium for data storage, harnessing the same principles that allow living organisms to encode vast amounts of biological information. DNA’s capacity as a storage device is rooted in its elegant molecular structure: a double helix composed of nucleotide bases—adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T)—that function much like binary code in conventional computers. However, instead of 0s and 1s, synthetic DNA can encode information in seque